Seismic activity is first recorded following reinstallation of new seismic instruments after loss during in Hurricane Hugo. Unrest period starts.
Phreatic activity commences, unrest period ends - small explosion
5. Volcano island
Start Of The Eruption: 18 July 19951995
The Volcano & Belham
West (Plymouth)
Evacuation
First major evacuation of 6000 from southern and eastern areas, which lasted for 2 weeks.
5. Volcano island
The Early Days Of The Eruption1995
1996
The North
The Volcano & Belham
West (Plymouth)
Lava first appears at surface, Start of Phase 1 of lava extrusion
Evacuation
Second major evacuation of 6000, which lasted for 1 month.
Eruption
First pyroclastic flows generated.
Evacuation
Governor declares state of public emergency. Final evacuation of Plymouth and southern areas. Residents never returned.
2. Moving, Crossing and Leaving
Refugee In Me Own Country1995
1996
East
The North
West (Plymouth)
First PFs reach the sea down Tar River valley.
Glendon Hospital relocated.
Eruption
First magmatic (Vulcanian) explosion - medium explosion
pyroclastic flows
19 people die in Streatham from pyroclastic flows associated with collapse of northern part of lava dome. pyroclastic flows also reach Bramble Airport.
Eruption
Series of 10 Vulcanian explosions, pyroclastic flows reach and bury parts of Plymouth. - many medium explosions
George Martin’s Music for Montserrat held in Royal Albert Hall, London
Eruption
Very strong extrusion cycles and a series of 75 Vulcanian explosions - many medium explosions
Eruption
Boxing Day collapse of Galway's Wall and debris avalanche. Big pyroclastic flow.
5. Volcano island
Galway’s Wall Crisis And Collapse (1996 – 1997)1996
1997
The Volcano & Belham
West (Plymouth)
End of Phase 1 of lava extrusion.
Large dome collapse during period of no dome growth.
Start of Phase 2 of dome growth
Tropical Mansion Suites opens.
Dome collapse
Large dome collapse associated with rainfall.
Dome collapse
Large dome collapse associated with rainfall.
Montserrat Volcano Observatory opens in Flemmings.
Dome collapse
Largest ever historical dome collapse, removes entire dome.
End of Phase 2 of dome growth.
John A Osborne airport opens.
Montserrat Cultural Centre is built.
Dome collapse
Large dome collapse removing entire dome.
Pyroclastic flows
Dome collapse on NW flank sends pyroclastic flows 5km down Belham valley for first time.
Start of Phase 4 of extrusion
Eruption
Large Vulcanian explosion - big explosion
Eruption
Large Vulcanian explosion with PFs that inundate Plymouth, End of Phase 4 of extrusion - big explosion
Start of Phase 5 with ash venting small explosion
Eruption
Very large Vulcanian explosion with PFs in many ghauts, including longest flows in Belham Valley - big explosion
Eruption
Large dome collapse on the northern side of dome, End of Phase 5. Bramble airport and Trant’s completely buried under up to 30 m of debris. 1 square kilometre of new land creased along Trant’s coastline
Little Bay War Memorial constructed
Eruption
Vigorous ash venting and formation of two new craters on northern and NW flank of volcano small explosion
Multi-purpose sports centre is built in Little Bay
5. Volcano island
The Island Today: Living With Our Volcano2000 +
The Island Today
The Volcano & Belham
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5. Volcano island
The Island Today: Living With Our Volcano2000 +
The Island Today
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